Kirdorf, Emil

Kirdorf, Emil
(1847-1938)
   industrialist; exemplar of the "reactionary monopoly capitalist." He was born near Duïsseldorf in the town of Mettmann; his father was a textile manufacturer. Upon the collapse of the family's business in 1871, he left textiles and, prodded by an older brother, joined the recently formed Gelsenkirchen Mining Company (GBAG) as trade director. Despite a lack of mining expertise, Kirdorf soon guided the firm's fortunes. He built GBAG into Germany's largest coal producer and became managing director in 1892. Known as "the Bismarck of the coal industry," he competed with Hugo Stinnes* and August Thyssen and guided GBAG's vertical expansion in 1902-1903 into iron and steel.
   Kirdorf was an outspoken reactionary before World War I. Condemning the Kaiser's lifting of the Anti-Socialist Law as dangerous (he so disliked Wilhelm that he rejected an offer of ennoblement), he joined and promoted imperialist organizations such as the Pan-German League. During the war he was an ardent annexationist.
   When the Versailles Treaty* forced divestment of much of his plant (the loss of iron mines in Lorraine was a blow), Kirdorf belatedly embraced an October 1918 proposal of Stinnes and Albert Vogler* to form an Interessengemeinschaft among several of Germany's largest iron, steel, and finished-products concerns (including that of Carl von Siemens*); the resulting Siemens-Rheinelbe-Schuckert-Union, which lasted five years, was succeeded in 1926 by the mam-moth United Steel combine. Not surprisingly, Kirdorf was a resolute opponent of the Republic (he labeled the regime the "rule of rabble"), a champion of the Dolchstosslegende,* and a supporter of the 1920 Kapp* Putsch. Although he was a member of the DNVP, the Party so alienated him by cooperating with the Republic that he switched to the NSDAP in 1927. Seeing in Hitler* a chance to triumph against democracy, socialism, and ultramontane Catholicism,* he distributed Hitler's pamphlet, Der Weg zum Weideraufsteig (The road to resur-gence), to prominent industrialists. But the socialist rhetoric of the Party's left wing soon alienated him; in August 1928 he rejoined the DNVP.
   Kirdorf's role in financing Hitler's rise remains a topic of debate; having celebrated his eightieth birthday in 1927, he had relinquished much of his fi-nancial power by the time he met the Nazi leader. Although he was not anti-Semitic, he retained a public friendship with Hitler even after his withdrawal from the NSDAP; this probably benefitted Hitler more than money. He returned to the NSDAP after Hitler's seizure of power.
   REFERENCES:Feldman, Great Disorder and Iron and Steel; NDB,vol. 11;Turner, "Emil Kirdorf" and German Big Business.

A Historical dictionary of Germany's Weimar Republic, 1918-1933. .

Игры ⚽ Нужно сделать НИР?

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Emil Kirdorf — (* 8. April 1847 in Mettmann bei Düsseldorf; † 13. Juli 1938 in Mülheim an der Ruhr) war ein deutscher Industrieller. Kirdorf war einer der ersten bedeutenden angestellten Ruhrindustriellen, die ausschließlich Manager und nicht, wie… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Emil Kirdorf — (8 April 1847, Mettmann near Duesseldorf 13 July 1938, Mülheim) was a German industrialist, one of the first important employers in the Ruhr industrial sectors. He was personally awarded by Adolf Hitler the Order of the German Eagle, Nazi Germany …   Wikipedia

  • Kirdorf (Begriffsklärung) — Kirdorf ist der Name folgender Personen: Adolph Kirdorf (1845–1923), deutscher Montanindustrieller Emil Kirdorf (1847–1938), deutscher Industrieller und Förderer Adolf Hitlers Thomas Kirdorf, deutscher Drehbuchautor Gustav Kastner Kirdorf,… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Kirdorf — Kịrdorf,   Emil, Unternehmer, * Mettmann 8. 4. 1847, ✝ Mülheim an der Ruhr 13. 7. 1938; 1892 1926 Generaldirektor der Gelsenkirchener Bergwerks AG, gründete 1893 das Rheinisch Westfälische Kohlensyndikat und 1926 die Vereinigten Stahlwerke AG.… …   Universal-Lexikon

  • Adolph Kirdorf — (* 25. Juni 1845 in Mettmann; † 8. Juli 1923 in München) war ein deutscher Montanindustrieller. Inhaltsverzeichnis 1 Leben und Wirken 2 Familie 3 Literatur und Quellen …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Carl Gustaf Emil Mannerheim — Mannerheim redirects here. For the noble families, see Mannerheim (family). For the Finnish film, see Mannerheim (film). Baron Carl Gustaf Emil Mannerheim Marshal of Finland …   Wikipedia

  • Carl Gustaf Emil Mannerheim — Pour les articles homonymes, voir Mannerheim. Carl Gustaf Emil Mannerheim …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Ückendorf — ist ein Stadtteil von Gelsenkirchen. Zum Ende des Jahres 2008 lebten in Ückendorf 19.687 Einwohner. Inhaltsverzeichnis 1 Geographie 2 Geschichte 3 Städtebauliche Entwicklung 3.1 Ückendorfer Platz 3.2 …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Liste der Persönlichkeiten der Stadt Mülheim an der Ruhr — Diese Liste von Persönlichkeiten führt Personen auf, die in einem besonderen Verhältnis zur Stadt Mülheim an der Ruhr stehen. Dazu zählen die Bürgermeister und Oberbürgermeister, die Ehrenbürger und andere Persönlichkeiten, die entweder in… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Großindustrie und NSDAP — Die Frage nach dem Anteil der Großindustrie am Aufstieg der NSDAP ist in der Geschichtswissenschaft ein zentraler Gegenstand in der politischen und wissenschaftlichen Auseinandersetzung mit dem Nationalsozialismus und der Endphase der Weimarer… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”